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Etymology

blood

/blʌd/

noun

Origin

Proto-Germanic

*blōdą — blood

Overview

Meaning Now

  • The red liquid that circulates in the arteries and veins of humans and other vertebrate animals, carrying oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the tissues of the body.
  • Kinship, lineage, or descent; ancestry.

Language path

Proto-Indo-European → Proto-Germanic → Old English → Middle English → English

Earliest form

blōd

Earliest period

Old English

Journey

The word is rooted in the concept of 'blooming' or 'swelling', potentially linked to the physical appearance of blood or its association with life-force. In Germanic cultures, blood was central to kinship (blood ties) and ritual.

Evolution

  1. Proto-Germanic

    *blōdą

    “blood”

  2. Old English

    blōd

    “blood”

    Long vowel /o:/

  3. Middle English

    blood

    “blood”

    Vowel shortening occurred before dental consonants

Connections

Word parts

blood

root

the fluid of life

Related across languages

  • Old Saxon

    blōd

    blood

  • Old High German

    bluot

    blood

  • Old Norse

    blóð

    blood

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External references use DefinedTerm semantics.