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Etymology

boy

/bɔɪ/

noun

Origin

Middle English

boye — servant, young man

Overview

Meaning Now

  • A male child or adolescent.
  • A young man, typically used to refer to someone with whom one is familiar.

Language path

Middle English → English

Earliest form

boye

Earliest period

13th century

Journey

The word appeared in Middle English with a sense suggesting a low-ranking male servant or a term of contempt. Over several centuries, it lost the inherent connotation of low status, gradually becoming the standard neutral term for a male child.

Evolution

  1. 13th century

    boye

    “servant or knave”

    Often used in a derogatory or demeaning sense for a man of low rank.

  2. 16th century

    boy

    “male child”

    The meaning shifted from 'servant' to specifically a 'young male'.

Connections

Related across languages

  • Old Frisian

    boi

    a boy or youth

  • Middle Dutch

    boye

    servant

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